There is no evidence or proof cited by Robert Smith anywhere in this record on appeal to overcome the 1989 Final Decision noted in the Lucero Affidavit. Therefore, the Tribe's actions invalidate, without legal merit or moral cause, the historical entry on the 1913 Pala Allotment Roll verifying Margarita Brittain's 4/4 Indian blood status.
Here is that link: http://www.scribd.com/doc/95462633/Elsie-Lucero-Affidavit-Filing-5-30-12
IF Pechanga and Pala will CHEAT their own, won't they cheat their Customers??
63 comments:
wow, great new evidence.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/95457396/Excerpts-of-BIA-Census-Records
Census records showing Margarita Brittain at f (full blooded)
Her children are all listed as 1/2.
Not only are the newly discovered documents persuasive, the affidavit of testimony from Elsie Lucero, former Document Specialist of the BIA is rather shocking. It seems that the Pala Executive Committee doesn't know anything about using documents as evidence. They don't know how to weigh evidence, because some evidence is more reliable than others. They don't use best evidence, meaning the more reliable evidence supercedes the questionable evidence. They don't let the preponderence of the evidence rule, meaning when you have a lot of evidence that says one thing, and a little evidence that says another, it is better to use a lot of evidence.
Now there is a huge respository of documents and testimony that say Margarita Brittain is full blood and identify her father as Pelegrino Ortega. There are two documents that cast doubt. One is the 1928 California Indian Roll. This roll was meant to sign Indians up for a class action suit against the US for misappropriation of land. It was never meant to establish blood degree or tribal membership. The other document is a copy of the 1913 Allotment Roll that has ink marks scratching out full blood for Margarita Brittain and writing in half blood. There are no initials by the marks, and the original copy in Washington, DC has no such markings.
That is why the BIA made the full blood decision. There are lots of records that say MB is full blood, but only a couple that say otherwise, and they are dubious. The Executive Committee clings to the bad evidence and says it is the truth. Meanwhile they bury the truth and don't show the other members the Probate Record from Merced Nolasquez where Carolina Nolasquez says Merced Nolasquez and MB were half sisters with the same father.
No one doubts Merced Nolasquez' full blood status, but MB's father is unknown according to Robert Smith. Most people when caught in a lie will admit the truth. A Tribal Chairman has a sworn duty to uphold the Constitution and be truthful about these matters. However Robert Smith considers himself to be sovereign, so no one can question his honesty and get away with it. Just try and see how long you stay a member of the tribe.
Robert Smith is not sovereign. He's a United States citizen, as well as a tribal citizen. He's a person who has attempted to trick and mislead his people.
For what gain?
He's an elected official and an elected official can be removed from office.
His job is to protect the integrity of the tribe, but he has to act with integrity to do so. He hasn't seemed to have done that in this case.
I should clarify that electing to remove an official and electing a new official is not "treason." It is a governmental elections process.
A Tribal government is fine, it's the elected representatives that seem to be the problem.
You can go about it in several ways. You can hold a recall election. That would allow the tribe to hold an election in which the voters would vote either to allow the representative to remain in office, or to make them resign. It is basically a vote to fire someone.
You can impeach the representative. That requires collective evidence that the representative has broken the law, violated the constitution, or violated the trust of the people with improper activities.
Lastly you can wait for the representative to come up for re-election, and vote for a different candidate.
I think anyone of these would apply. A recall is like a vote of no confidence. It means the people want to remove the candidate because they have lost confidence in his/her ability to lead.
Impeachment would be appropriate for a leader that has betrayed his people, lied to them, stolen from them, and intimidated them.
Robert Smith is up for re-election in November. Willie Pink has already announced his candidacy. Talk about night and day. A strong leader with unquestioned ethics and a great desire to work for the people versus a lazy partier who scams people, has the morals of a pig in rut, and hates his people.
Pala, the choice is yours...
If I were the tribe I would request that the Secretary of the Interior or Acting Assistant Secretary oversee the elections process to ensure a fair result.
No colored ballots and questionable ethics.
Once again the disenrolled have provided more proof as to the MB issue. Where is Robert smiths proof? He seems to have left out several documents from his packet he sent to enrolled members to convince them otherwise. To all enrolled members: it is your duty to the members of your tribe to make this right. Speak up, we have shown you many many documents that prove MB was 4/4 smith has not shown you any she wasn't. Do not allow this corrupt leader to continue ripping your tribe apart. Like smith said what is right is right his own words unfortunately he is not following the truth. Smith, Miranda, neito it is not too late to do the right thing. We will continue to fight for what is right and bit quit until it is corrected . If you don't your tribe will you are now starting to be seen for what you really are by many members of your tribe. They may act like they are behind and on your side but the truth is they now are finding out the truth and will not back you much longer.
Rigged elections are a real problem I know. The Sec of Interior is not going to help. People have to step up. That is all there is to it. It won't be easy, but once you've been disenrolled you realize life isn't over, but you get really pissed off that this guy is living it up while you are scrounging, and he is the one doing all the crimes. It will only get worse if we let him get away with it. And don't forget: When we are reinstated we will remember the kindness and support, but we will also seek justice and payback is a bitch.
Pala Tribe is using their Sovereign Immunity inappropriately against its members to unjustly dis-enroll. There are serious repercussions that result from dis-enrollments for the descendants of the Brittain family such as lack of rights (under the tribe as a Native American), which essentially makes "dis-enrolled members" are the NEW TYPE OF MINORITY GROUP if you think about it. In addition, Does this family still get the opportunity to get a job in a Native American business under the "Indian Preference Act?" There are no benefits from their tribe's gaming industry so there goes health care, education, as well as, housing.
It is most certainly discrimination and it is based on blood and race, so it is racism, and bigotry. I don't know how it affects emploment under the Indian Preference Act. I do know that I am still an Indian, and though the Tribe changed my blood degree, the BIA has not. Yet another of the problems caused by this unjust disenrollment. Now they have to keep two sets of records, one true, and one a blatant lie.
The tribe has never stated that your blood degree was changed did they?
Go read all the information they sent you.
Your "disenrollment" letter should just state that they held a meeting with a quorum and voted to remove you, no reason given.
No other information was provided except the book of "documents" sent by Chairman Smith that states to share it with family members. He states "Our facts were in question" and that "her father was 'unknown' (on some documents) and that the "Executive council has the power to enroll or disenroll (interesting to use the word enroll here) if they do not meet the 1/16 blood quantum."
No where in these documents does it state that the Executive Council has the authority to overturn a United States BIA approved verified blood quantum. They just state that they question it.
Also, it's interesting that they have the power to enroll people who do not meet 1/16 blood quantum or lineal descent.
If you read it differently please leave a comment.
The disenrollment letter does not state any reason for the disenrollment. However, the letter in the package sent to Tribal members says that:
"As a reminder for an individual to be 4/4 both of their parents need to be specified as 4/4 Blood and as the records show, the father of Margarita Brittain is unknown."
If MB is not full blood, then she is half blood, and so all of her descendent's blood degree is halved. Thus the unstated reason for disenrollment is that the disenrollees do not meet the 1/16th blood requirement.
That is how it is being played out. Note that the Regional Director of the BIA in making the recommendation for reinstatement for the original 8 disenrollees writes:
"These individuals are appealing the June 1, 2011, decision of the Executive Committee of the Pala Band of Mission Indians to disenroll your clients on the bases(sic) that they do not possess 1/16degree Indian blood of the Pala Band."
So the EC cites Section 6 of the Enrollment Ordinance saying that we misrepresented or omitted facts that might have made us ineligible for enrollment. How can I read it otherwise? They have changed our blood degree in order to make us ineligble, and blamed us for it.
That is how Robert Smith views it. He has made it clear. First he lies, then he makes up some phony evidence to support his lies, then he conveniently leaves out the truth, sloughs his phony evidence off on the Tribe, assumes they are too stupid or scared to question his decision, and then says it is the right thing to do because he is sovereign.
What a leader.
I just mean that if Robert Smith had the authority to legally change blood quantum he should have said:
"The Executive Committee has reduced the blood quantum of Margarita Brittain and her descendants."
He did not state that.
He implied that the blood quantum was lowered, but never directly stated that it had been officially lowered.
I'm saying that he can't change a person's blood quantum anymore than he can move the moon.
He can, however, confuse everyone into thinking he has this kind of power. He can confuse people into believing that's what he/they did.
But it is all an implication of an action that he had no authority to make.
You're an entitled member of the Pala Band. Your ancestor walked the Trail of Tears. Her blood degree has been established by United States Federal authorities who have on multiple occasions supported your true heritage.
You have just been lied to, and the whole tribe (or majority of it) deceived by it's leaders.
You and I are interpreting the documents a little differently. But the fact remains that you are entitled to enrollment and the Executive Committee is wrong in what it has done to the Brittain family.
Of course I know my blood degree; I am 11/32nds Indian, but only 1/16th is Pala. Robert Smith has no power to change blood degree. He donesn't care if he has the power to do something or not. He just does it and then says try and stop me, I am sovereign.
I know people are saying Robert Smith is not sovereign, and they are correct. He is an elected official, well at least semi-elected. I guess some people voted for him in his rigged elections. It doesn't change the fact that he considers himself to be the ruler of a sovereign nation, and ergo, sovereign himself. All you have to do is listen to him talk.
Anyway, we aren't letting it happen. We are beating our fists, and rattling our spears. It is time to put on our paint and go to war.
They are enrolling people who do not meet the 1/16 blood degree, right leroy? right theresa neito? right dion perez?
Leroys kids ? 3/64 cupa, enrolled by robert smith who disenrolls memders who are 1/16 !!
Theresa neito and dion perez, questionable tribal members ar best, look at ur history, a man named barker, ( hardly a cupa name ) who was a registered voter in a time when indians were not allowed to be registered voters?? And then there's R.lugo, parents born in cahuilla, he was born in sulfer springs, near cahuilla, and lived in banning and morongo? But has cupa blood? How did he do that??
There u have it, two people who may not even have the blood to be entolled, and leroy, who has his kids on the rolls at 3/64 cupa voting out real members.......only in robert world
KEY WORD " PARENTS!!!!!!!
WHOS' YOUR DADDY????????
You have parents? All this time I thought you were a bastard. My mistake.
Well then are you saying per cap is being shared with Dion and Theresa and Leroys children, when it should not be. Other tribal members are doing with less because of them?
Pala people are doing with less because of robert smith, plain and simple! He thinks pala's millions belongs to him, to spend as he pleases. and theres alot more than just leroys kids, like most or all the great great grandchildren of rocinda nolasquez, the woman was 3/4 cupa NOT 4/4
dion and theresa will see what using the 1928 california indian judgment roll is gonna do for them...your puppet master will not be around much longer to help you hide your secret
Shouldn't all Tribal member applications be reviewed now using the 1928 California Indian Roll instead of the 1913 Pala Allotment Roll as the base? What's right is right after all. Why should only MB's descendents get the royal shaft from King Robert?
KING AND ROBERT??? What!
Sorry make that Chairman Robert. The word King should not be used in such a way and all apologies to Mr. Freeman.
Good morning descendants! I'm always happy to see you here exposing the lies and holding your truth.
You've been doing a wonderful job!
I wanted to offer up some positive support because sometimes the negative comments can get overwhelming. I know you aren't letting them stop you, but I know the magnitude of the situation and I (for one) and proud of how you are working on this.
To the "opposition"...I wish you a good morning too. I can't say that I'm proud of you, but I am hopeful that you will change your position. The evidence is stacked up in the Brittain descendant's FAVOR. You can't change the truth, no matter how you try to deceive, defraud, manipulate and lie.
Remember it's never too late to do the right, just, and fair thing.
so why dont the tribe ask to look at the 1928 enrollments of leroys and the other ec applications,remember the one of nietos family that was provided a month or so back.We must get demand justice for the disenrolled,remove Robert the EC and the lawyer one way or another
He only targeted the Brittains. For now anyway. I don't doubt that there will be more disenrollments now that he's found out how much he enjoys hurting people and lording it over them. Soon it will only be his family left, and they'll be getting $100k a month and everyone else will leave a trail of tears that will stain HWY 76 forever.
They aren't supposed to use the 1928's anyway.
What will the tribe do with Leroy (EC) 1928's anyway? Will the tribe look at them and all of a sudden recall him from his position?
If the guilty plea he entered didn't get him from being removed, why do you think his family 1928's will?
No rumor or lies: Vice Chairman Leroy Miranda's family 1928's state his Mexican heritage.
Why does it matter?
I think it matters because Leroy Miranda is one of the people that has been saying the Brittains don't have enough Pala blood to be eligible for enrollment. Since RS backs him he felt secure to go after people with more blood and legitimate right to belong than himself.
After Leroy Miranda pled guilty to lewd conduct for dressing up like a woman and soliciting a male prostitute (that happened to be an undercover cop) he cried like a baby and asked for forgiveness. There was a petition that circulated and gathered enough signatures to bring Leroy Miranda to a recall vote. Next General Council meeting Robert Smith says some people retracted their signatures and so the petition wasn't valid. King Freeman protested, his family gets disenrolled.
That's how it works in the Smith regime.
When former Pala Gaming Commission chairwoman Darlene Vega resigned after being convicted of two misdemeanor counts of assault in 2005 the tribe's attorney Howard Dickstein went on record as saying "The tribe wants to go out of its way to ensure the integrity and the perception of the integrity of the gaming operation."
Chairman Robert Smith added "We really hold ourselves to a higher standard. Tribal governments are always in the spotlight because of gaming, and (Vega) didn't want to jeopardize the tribe in any way."
What happened between 2005 and 2012? Chairman Smith has participated in publicity of the Margarita Brittain descendants 'disenrollment' by going on record with the newspapers and on television. Also, Leroy Miranda is somehow not held to the same standards as this other person.
This is very two-faced of the Chairman in my opinion.
Now, what to do about Leroy Miranda's family 1928's?
one parent 1/2
child 1/4
grandchild 1/8
grt grand 1/16
grtgrt 1/32
grtgrtgrt 1/64
Just 1 example...
Quantum is fiction used to decimate Indians...
That's is the way the white people had planned it out anyway , they knew there was to many Indians to kill so in order to live we had to agree to this . Then some people turn around and mate with the white people! Now some Indians fell for that one didn't they!!!!!
Someone must have the 1928 California Indian Judgment roll application of Rocinda Nolasquez so we can post it here to prove the point. These documents are out there in public so someone get it out there to prove violations of the Indian Civil Rights Act. What about RS's ancestors who filled out the 1928 application? Let's get them all posted in public and see who doesn't want to do it.
Above poster: Why don't you get them?
Rocinda Nolasquez is App #1262 and her brother Salvador App #1263. Both should be in the National Archives at San Bruno (CA) on Microfilm. Looks like Carolina Nolasquez, sister of Rocinda Nolasquez, said in her 1928 Application that her father was "Sylvario Nolasquez" and her mother was "Merced Saubel" and said her father was "Mexican Indian" and mother "full blood" Indian.
RS claims BIA is wrong. IF RS is right and the father of Merced Nolasquez and Margarita Brittain is UNKNOWN, then THE 1928 full blood Indian statement of Carolina Nolasquez is wrong and Merced's true Indian blood is only 1/2 then Rocinda's blood is only 1/4. Then Rocinda's children's Indian blood is only 1/16 and the grandchildren 1/32. That is all assuming Rocinda's children married full blood indians and so forth. Going by RS's rules applied equally to Merced and Margarita's father then Mel Lovato needs to worry.
Time to worry YAQUI MEL!
Yaqui Mel? Yaqui Leroy! Oh ya I forgot, since he has worked so hard covering for roberts's greed and hatred, he is sovereign, his blood doesn't matter.
The blood does matter! This is all about blood and who has enough blood to be enrolled.
It's not right to say a bunch of people don't meet blood quantum and kick them out after the U.S. Government has stated they DO meet blood quantum.
It's even more unfair if there are other people who are still enrolled don't meet blood quantum and are supporting the disenrollment of others but not being honest with themselves.
If there is evidence that one group is disenrolled for not meeting quantum but another group is still enrolled but doesn't meet blood quantum I think that someone should get those documents and show them to prove that this may be more about who is friends with who than actually about protecting the lineage and blood degrees of the tribe.
If this is about blood, then it's about blood. We should know if it's about blood quantum or if it's about money and politics.
dont b jealous at least we aint white we aint insulted coming from what people who never stepped up when the real elders were alive couldnt and didnt say nothing why king u were in there oh my bad to many were alive so you wait til they die typical white man move now its 2012 yeah you didnt say a word in the 60s 70s late 80s margarita died when 1925 hello
What about when king and Larry ripped off the pala people with that nursery ! That would be considered crooked, if he was a rip off then you know he is ripping off now. Poor Mexicans that live across the river they all just love king. But how else will he survive?
Are you Yaqui Cindy Leal? Word is you have No Pala Blood?
You are right 1:19, Kings descendents deserve the axe for his alleged rip offs, whether 1/16th or not! You along with 12:47 should state your names as you make some great points about conflict, hatred, and fueding among the tribe.
To 6:32 a.m.
Your comment is an example of the stupidity that surrounds the EC!
On census rolls after Rocindas name is "said to have an illigitimate son". Was Robert Lavato even hers or adopted? Just asking.
It's absolutely astonishing to me the education level of smiths anti m b campaign he's trying to tell to get on here and speak the smith regimes side of the story. Yet we still have not seen a single pc of evidence to his bs. You are a lowly old man that will have but a few show up at your funeral. What it must feel like to wake up every morning with that hate inside you and go to bed the same way. I wish I could be there when you face the elders that have left before us. Then the true judgement will be bestowed. As for me. I sleep with a good conscience every night along with the rest of us that don't cheat. Steal. Lie. Ruin. And degrade those around us for personal gain. Sleep well. As for the uneducated idiots that try to just slander with NO proof of any REAL evidence whatsoever. Go read a book learn some history and come back with some REAL evidence. And yes. People might actually listen to what you have to say.
I agree, if you are going to come here to argue and insult, could you please improve your argument with some educated facts?
If you have real evidence, state it.
cindy has pala blood you people r a bunch of messy folks just desperate eagles soar above your mess slander and gossip that the way your familys have always been thats right became indians when we always knew our way and it sure aint your way lived before u and surly will live after your mess.we didnt create it the people back then didnt allow it so your 15 lies to cover up 1 big lie is eating u y arent u crying about the adopted ones their blood goes on and on no matter what race.so is that fair and no one says a word .
MB 's should have been adopted then.
You realize you make no sense, right?
educated facts well you and peeps continue to slander the pala tribe that your either enrolled in or disenrolled from what is your purpose to air out negative issues for all to see and does it change anything but yet you wanna b enrolled or already enrolled after reading all this so called eduacated writings lol i wouldnt want to have anything to do with any disenrolled members and one other thing how did king freemans family get to build there own houses and the rest of the tribal members cant and the money came from the government.
WELL WILLIE PINK STARTED IT ALL!!!!!!! HE CHOSE TO AIR PEOPLE'S DIRTY LAUNDRY AND HE CHOSE TO TAKE FEDERAL GRANT AND MAKE THEM HIS OWN! THAT IS THE SAME THING KING DID! EVERYONE IN PALA KNOWS THE HISTORY ABOUT JERRY BOISCLAIR, HIM AND KING BOTHE KNOW JERRY BOISCLAIRS WIFE HAD ANOTHER LOVER TO MAKE A LOVE CHILD, BUT THEN FOR JERRY TO ENROLL HER AND KING TO LET HIM? Now that is some cruels stuff if you ask me! NOW TELL WILLIE PINK TO REMEMBER ALL OF THE CRIMINAL CROOKED STUFF NOT JUST THE PEOPLE HE HATES!!!!!!!!
I think there is a difference between "slandering the pala tribe" and what is going on here on the blog. There are some people being disrespectful, but the majority of the comments being made are asking the Tribe to stand up for the rights of themselves as well as the disenrolled. There seem to be a lot of rumors/dirty laundry etc. But that is not the same as "slander." Then every bit of gossip would be slander.
There is some talk disagreeing with the Tribal Executive Council, and not to threaten or slander, but to show the "other side" of what is going on.
There are two sides to every story. But it seems that the 'disenrolled' have their paperwork in order.
There is nothing wrong with defending yourself from being oppressed, there is freedom of speech, and I think this is especially true when they know they are in the right.
Are you mad? And if you are, why didn't you speak up before. Why have you let anyth
ing wrong happen?
Thank you 8:37 for understanding the purpose of this blog. I use it to keep updated on happenings in Indian country and to get thr facts out in public light. You are correct we do have out paperwork in order. We have pages and pages of proof whereas thr EC does not have any proof. On another section on OP someone said " I heard MB was of lite skin decent" for one that is hearsay if you don't know why would you even say it look at the pictures of her you can google and find a few or look at the video she was not of lite skin decent. Hearsay is not immissibile in court often times why because it is a he said she said type of statement. Thr way people carry on and call each other names and take away from the true meaning of this site shows their pettiness and ignorance often times and does not reflect the majority of the disenrolled. I myself am not a disenrolled or even a member of the tribe I am a spouse of the disenrolled. My spouse has a very intregant tattoo down his arm of his tribe that reads proudly PALA. He has always been proud of his heritage now he is so disgusted with the way his leaders are behaving he has to look at that everyday and wonder should I have marked myself with something that I am no longer considered. I understand sovereignty but at the same time I feel the government should have a rt to decide since pala had them appeal to the BIA a government agency. The decision has been rendered for the remaining disenrolled amd their findings are the same as the original 8 they should be enrolled in their tribe. I feel it is unfair that the individual Indian is not protected as the tribe is there should be somewhere they can turn for help but because of soverienty they cannot I know eventually we will find that "hook" that allows the government to step in amd make the tribe do what is right until then we fight and dont give up.
You are absolutely right JFPD! But don't confuse the individual Indian with the tribe. The tribe has no where to go at the moment and the 5 individual Indians leading the tribe are the only ones who claim sovereignty. If these so called 5 "sovereigns" can disenroll 162 members of the tribe, then give it time, but it will happen to more of the tribe, and once again those 5 will say "were sovereign." The government has every right to fix this problem, because it is not sovereignty, but civil rights, no due process, and genocide on American Soil. Will the 5 sovereigns turn around and sue the government if the bia/Interior takes appropriate action? I hope so, then it ALL comes out.
The burden of proof is on the Pala EC. The 1989 final decision has real evidence to support it. The EC is now using taunts and curses to support their position. That is because they have no evidence. Their evidence is fraudulent, and we have already demonstrated that.
I have a copy of Roscinda Nolasquez' 1928 California Indian Roll application, but there is no way to post it here in the comments section. Maybe someone will write a letter and add the attachment and Rick Cuevas can post it. I will ask around.
Tribal officials were recently sued as INDIVIDUALS in federal court in New Mexico by a company they jerked around on an Indian casino management contract deal involving millions of dollars. The "hook" was that they acted outside of their lawful tribal authority when they breached the contract. RS will be laughed at when he comes into federal court and says he and his EC acted reasonably and within federal and tribal law when they lynched the 162. Give up RS. You are giving tribal sovereignty a bad name.
There are other aspects of Tribal Sovereignty that can be exploited as we go forward. Some haven't been tested in court yet, but the potential is there. Take for instance the land of the Reservation. It is not foreign soil. It is land that is held in Federal Trust for Tribal use. Is it held in Trust for Tribal misuse?
Another aspect of Tribal Sovereignty that has the potential to help the disenrollees is the dual citizenship of Tribal members. Just because you are Tribal doesn't mean you don't have to obey the laws of the land, even on the Reservation.
Be forewarned Robert Smith. We are working every angle to develop the arguments that will lead to your downfall. If you weren't such a pompous, self-righteous S.O.B. we might be willing to work with you.
Anyone want to insult his mommy? Be my guest; she was a piece of work, and do we really know who his father was?
Dont discuss any legal angles,it gives them a head start on their defense.
Or maybe we talk about all different kinds of legal angles and jerk them around like they have us. Just because I mention it doesn't mean it will be used, but if they have to spin wheels preparing for evrything that is mentioned maybe they won't be ready for the real strategy when it comes up.
and thank you council for asking for permission to trespass on my husbands land I hope this can be a opening for truth. Please can the family's come together all of you. We are taking this slow to make sure San Diego county and Pala Reservations have safe drinking water. No mistakes this move just sayin' Thank you Robert Smith God Bless all the Family's; Might I add the President is coming to southern ca did anyone email him humm that might help; not by telling him where to go you pray for your leaders not by yelling there are people watching all of you he hasn't picked a city yet and for violence all I see is the sheriffs coming in the resevations<-- i lived--> I hear about and holders of a checks that belong to so many others not accusing anyone of taking that's you and God. So you better make sure it belongs to you.There not stealing from the tribe there stealing from the ancestors your land is given to protect and clean and History.Peace to you always. By the way where is Elsie she hasn't written me back with my linage all I know is my name is JoJoLa from Pueblo the Isleta Tribe. Speaking through my grandmother love one another that will bring your people together;
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